ECEIM 2005

CERTIFYING ESSAY PAPER

Please answer only TWO of the three essay questions.
Some of the essays have several parts, please ensure that you ANSWER ALL PARTS of the essay.
You have three hours to complete this paper.
You may lose marks if your writing is not legible.
Marks will not be awarded or deducted for English grammar, spelling and style.
When you have finished, please secure each essay, with sheets in the correct order, in the folders provided before handing them to the exam supervisor.
Put your essays in separate folders
Please ensure that you write your candidate number on both folders.

ESSAY 1

Various diseases of the horse present with evidence of icterus together with anaemia while other diseases are accompanied by icterus in the absence of anemia.

(a) List the various mechanisms that lead to icterus WITHOUT anaemia giving examples of a specific disease for each mechanism [40 points].

(b) List the various mechanisms that lead to BOTH icterus and anaemia giving examples of a specific disease for each mechanism [20 points].

(c) Describe the appropriate diagnostic evaluation for a horse presenting with icterus as its main clinical sign. For the tests and procedures named, indicate what disease process or diagnosis can be ruled in or ruled out on the basis of the results [40 points].

ESSAY 2

Define the term “paraneoplastic syndrome” [5 points]. List 5 paraneoplastic syndromes that are believed to occur in the horse and describe the pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis and management of each of these [95 points].

ESSAY 3

There are various theories on the pathogenesis of acute laminitis of which (1) the vascular theory and (2) the toxic, metabolic, enzymatic theory are currently considered important.

(a) Summarize how these two theories propose that laminitis develops [40 points].

(b) Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of these two theories and describe the evidence that various research workers have used to support and refute these two theories [30 points].